1,493 research outputs found
Cognitive Penetration and Attention
Zenon Pylyshyn argues that cognitively driven attentional effects do not amount to cognitive penetration of early vision because such effects occur either before or after early vision. Critics object that in fact such effects occur at all levels of perceptual processing. We argue that Pylyshyn’s claim is correct—but not for the reason he emphasizes. Even if his critics are correct that attentional effects are not external to early vision, these effects do not satisfy Pylyshyn’s requirements that the effects be direct and exhibit semantic coherence. In addition, we distinguish our defense from those found in recent work by Raftopoulos and by Firestone and Scholl, argue that attention should not be assimilated to expectation, and discuss alternative characterizations of cognitive penetrability, advocating a kind of pluralism
Probabilistic representations in perception: Are there any, and what would they be?
Nick Shea’s Representation in Cognitive Science commits
him to representations in perceptual processing that are
about probabilities. This commentary concerns how to
adjudicate between this view and an alternative that locates
the probabilities rather in the representational states’
associated “attitudes”. As background and motivation,
evidence for probabilistic representations in perceptual
processing is adduced, and it is shown how, on either
conception, one can address a specific challenge Ned Block
has raised to this evidence
Perception and the Origins of Temporal Representation
Is temporal representation constitutively necessary for perception? Tyler Burge (2010) argues that it is, in part because perception requires a form of memory sufficiently sophisticated as to require temporal representation. I critically discuss Burge’s argument, maintaining that it
does not succeed. I conclude by reflecting on the consequences for the origins of temporal representation
Perceptual Consciousness and Cognitive Access from the Perspective of Capacity-Unlimited Working Memory
Theories of consciousness divide over whether perceptual consciousness is rich or
sparse in specific representational content and whether it requires cognitive access.
These two issues are often treated in tandem because of a shared assumption that
the representational capacity of cognitive access is fairly limited. Recent research
on working memory challenges this shared assumption. This paper argues that
abandoning the assumption undermines post-cue-based “overflow” arguments,
according to which perceptual conscious is rich and does not require cognitive
access. Abandoning it also dissociates the rich/sparse debate from the access
question. The paper then explores attempts to reformulate overflow theses in ways
that don’t require the assumption of limited capacity. Finally, it discusses the
problem of relating seemingly non-probabilistic perceptual consciousness to the
probabilistic representations posited by the models that challenge conceptions of
cognitive access as capacity-limited
Linguistic Intuitions: Error Signals and the Voice of Competence
Linguistic intuitions are a central source of evidence across a variety of linguistic domains. They have also long been a source of controversy. This chapter aims to illuminate the etiology and evidential status of at least some linguistic intuitions by relating them to error signals of the sort posited by accounts of on-line monitoring of speech production and comprehension. The suggestion is framed as a novel reply to Michael Devitt’s claim that linguistic intuitions are theory-laden “central systems” responses, rather than endorsed outputs of a modularized language faculty (the “Voice of Competence”). Along the way, it is argued that linguistic intuitions may not constitute a natural kind with a common etiology; and that, for a range of cases, the process by which intuitions used in linguistics are generated amounts to little more than comprehension
Linguistic Judgments As Evidence
An overview of debates surrounding the use of meta-linguistic judgments in linguistics, including recent relevant empirical results
Perceptual Consciousness, Short-Term Memory, and Overflow: Replies to Beck, Orlandi and Franklin, and Phillips
A reply to commentators -- Jake Beck, Nico Orlandi and Aaron Franklin, and Ian Phillips -- on our paper "Does perceptual consciousness overflow cognitive access?"
Navigating Through the Maze of Business Process Change Methods
Business Process Management (BPM) is an approach adopted by many organizations for improving their business processes in order to serve their customers more efficiently and effectively. Literature on BPM offers a plethora of methods used as a guide when improving business processes. Some are promoted as methods for process reengineering, while others as methods for improvement, redesign, or innovation. The number of BPM methods is overwhelming, such that organizations are faced with the challenge to select one that best fits their needs. In this paper, we follow a systematic literature review approach to investigate the characteristics of existing BPM methods. We find that the ambition, nature and perspective of the methods are important to determine whether they can be used for radical or incremental process change. Our findings point to the lack of research done on methods for radical process change
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